🐍 Top 50 Python Interview Q&A
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Answer: Python is a high-level, interpreted, interactive, and object-oriented scripting language known for readability.
Answer: PEP 8 is a style guide for Python code. It recommends coding conventions like using 4 spaces for indentation.
Answer: Lists are mutable (can change) and use []. Tuples are immutable (cannot change) and use ().
Answer: Interpreted, Dynamically Typed, Object-Oriented, Platform Independent, and Extensive Libraries.
Answer: Python uses a private heap to store objects and a built-in Garbage Collector to recycle unused memory.
Answer: It is an environment variable that tells the interpreter where to locate module files imported into a program.
Answer: Functions that modify the behavior of other functions, usually defined with the @ symbol.
Answer: .py is the source code file. .pyc is the compiled bytecode file.
Answer: You don't need to declare variable types (int, string). Python decides the type at runtime.
Answer: A namespace is a system to ensure that all object names in a program are unique and won't conflict.
Answer: An unordered collection of data in key:value pairs. Keys must be unique.
Answer: List is ordered and allows duplicates. Set is unordered and does NOT allow duplicates.
Answer: Selecting a range of items from sequences (strings, lists). Syntax: list[start:stop:step].
Answer: Mutable: List, Dict, Set. Immutable: Int, Float, Tuple, String, Bool.
Answer: It is a null statement used as a placeholder when a statement is required syntactically but no code needs to execute.
Answer: append() adds the argument as a single element. extend() iterates over the argument adding each element.
Answer: Shallow copy creates a new object with references. Deep copy recursively copies all objects inside.
Answer: Accessing elements from the end. -1 is the last item, -2 is second last.
Answer: String literal used for documentation, appearing as the first statement in a function or class.
Answer: Break stops the loop. Continue skips the current iteration and moves to the next.
Answer: An anonymous, one-line function. Example: lambda x: x + 1.
Answer: The constructor method in Python classes used to initialize objects.
Answer: It represents the instance of the class, allowing access to attributes and methods.
Answer: *args passes variable non-keyword arguments (tuple). **kwargs passes variable keyword arguments (dict).
Answer: range() returns a sequence (Python 3). xrange() returned a generator (Python 2 only).
Answer: A module is a single .py file. A package is a directory of modules containing __init__.py.
Answer: Iterator traverses a collection. Generator is a function that uses 'yield' to return an iterator.
Answer: It pauses a function, saves its state, and returns a value to the caller (used in Generators).
Answer: Applies a function to all items in an input list.
Answer: Extracts elements from an iterable for which a function returns True.
Answer: Yes, Python supports a class being derived from more than one base class.
Answer: Wrapping data and methods into a single unit. Private members are denoted by __ prefix.
Answer: Global Interpreter Lock. A mutex that prevents multiple native threads from executing Python bytecodes at once.
Answer: '==' checks value equality. 'is' checks if they are the exact same object in memory.
Answer: try, except, else, finally.
Answer: Pickling is serialization (Object to Byte stream). Unpickling is deserialization.
Answer: Using os.remove("filename").
Answer: Dynamically modifying a class or module at runtime.
Answer: [on_true] if [expression] else [on_false].
Answer: NumPy arrays are faster, more compact, and optimized for calculations compared to Lists.
Answer: random.shuffle(my_list).
Answer: string[::-1]
Answer: list(set(my_list))
Answer: Ensures code runs only if executed directly, not when imported as a module.
Answer: os.getcwd()
Answer: Yes, a function defined inside another function.
Answer: Joins a list of strings into one string. e.g., ",".join(list).
Answer: Formatted string literals introduced in Python 3.6. e.g., f"Hello {name}".
Answer: Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, SciPy.
Answer: a, b = b, a
